Medieval Life essays

Medieval Life essays The Middle Ages was a period in Western European history that followed the collapse of the Roman Empire between the 4th and 5th centuries and lasted up into the 15th century. Medieval Europe was far from unified. It was a large area split into small, culturally diverse units that were never totally in control by any one authority. With the collapse of the Roman Empire, Christianity became the backbone of Western civilization. The papacy gradually gained secular authority and monastic communities, generally under the Rule of St. Benedict, flourished during this time period. By the 8th century, culture centered on Christianity had been established. Feudalism, with the manorial system as its backbone, became the typical social and political organization of Europe. The new framework gained stability from the 11th century, as the invaders became Christian and settled and as prosperity was created by agricultural innovations, increasing productivity, and population expansion. As Eu rope entered the period known as the High Middle Ages, the church became the widespread and unifying institution. Strong popes, especially Gregory VII, worked for a renewed Europe guided by a centralized church, a goal which evolved under Innocent III. The church was weakened by internal conflicts as well as by quarrels between church and state. Finally, the great medieval unity of Christianity was shattered by the religious theories that culminated in the Protestant Reformation. The transition from the Greco-Roman world to the medieval world was a sharp break from the ancient past which preceded it. More specifically, the church and state were never separate entities during ancient times. Also, in terms of economics, the economy that was created in Greece and Rome centered on agriculture saw little change during the transition into the Middle Ages. Indeed, Europe during the Middle Ages took a sharp break from the tradition and legacy that was formed...

Abortion Issues - How They Affect American Politics

Abortion Issues - How They Affect American Politics Abortion issues surface in almost every American election, whether its a local race for school board, a statewide race for governor or a federal contest for Congress or the White House. Abortion issues have polarized American society since the U.S. Supreme Court legalized the procedure. On one side are those who believe women are not entitled to end the life of an unborn child. On the other are those who believe women have the right to decide what happens to their body. Often there is no room for debate between the side. Related Story: Is Abortion the Right Thing to Do? In general, most Democrats support a womans right to have an abortion and most Republicans oppose it. There are notable exceptions, though, including some politicians who have waffled on the issue. Some Democrats who are conservative when it comes to social issues such oppose abortion rights, and some moderate Republicans are open to allowing women to have the procedure. A 2016 Pew Research Survey  found that 59 percent of Republicans believe abortion should be illegal, and 70 percent of Democrats believe the procure should be allowed. Overall, though, a narrow majority of Americans - 56 percent in the Pew poll  -   support legalized abortion and 41 percent oppose it.  In both cases, these figures have remained relatively stable for at least two decades, the Pew Researchers found. When Abortion Is Legal In the United States Abortion refers to the voluntary termination of a pregnancy, resulting in the death of the fetus or embryo. Abortions performed prior to the third trimester are legal in the United States.Abortion-rights advocates believe a woman should have access to whatever health care she needs and that she should have control over her own body. Opponents of abortion rights believe an embryo or fetus is alive and thus abortion is tantamount to murder.   Current Status The most controversial of abortion issues is the so-called partial birth abortion, a rare procedure. Beginning in the mid-90s, Republicans in the U.S. House of Representatives and U.S. Senate introduced legislation to ban partial birth abortions. In late 2003, Congress passed and President George W. Bush signed the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act.This law was drafted after the Supreme Court ruled Nebraskas partial birth abortion law unconstitutional because it did not allow a doctor to use the procedure even if it were the best method to preserve the health of the mother. Congress attempted to circumvent this ruling by declaring that the procedure is never medically necessary. History Abortion has existed in almost every society and was legal under Roman law, which also condoned infanticide. Today, almost two-thirds of the women in the world may obtain a legal abortion.When America was founded, abortion was legal. Laws prohibiting abortion were introduced in the mid-1800s, and, by 1900, most had been outlawed. Outlawing abortion did nothing to prevent pregnancy, and some estimates put the number of annual illegal abortions from 200,000 to 1.2 million in the 1950s and 1960s.States began liberalizing abortion laws in the 1960s, reflecting changed societal mores and, perhaps, the number of illegal abortions.  In 1965, the Supreme Court introduced the idea of a right to privacy in Griswold v. Connecticut as it struck down laws that banned the sale of condoms to married people.Abortion was legalized in 1973 when the U.S.Supreme Court ruled in Roe v. Wade that during the first trimester, a woman has the right to decide what happens to her body. This landmark decision rested on the right to privacy which was introduced in 1965. In addition, the Court ruled that the state could intervene in the second trimester and could ban abortions in the third trimester. However, a central issue, which the Court declined to address, is whether human life begins at conception, at birth, or at some point in between.In 1992, in Planned Parenthood v. Casey, the court overturned Roes trimester approach and introduced the concept of viability. Today, approximately 90% of all abortions occur in the first 12 weeks.In the 1980s and 1990s, anti-abortion activism spurred on by opposition from Roman Catholics and conservative Christian groups turned from legal challenges to the streets. The organization Operation Rescue organized blockades and protests around abortion clinics. Many of these techniques were prohibited by the 1994 Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances (FACE) Act. Pros Most polls suggest that Americans, by a slim majority, call themselves pro-choice rather than pro-life. That does not mean, however, that everyone who is pro-choice believes that abortion is acceptable under any circumstance. A majority support at least minor restrictions, which the Court found reasonable as well under Roe.Thus the pro-choice faction contains a range of beliefs from no restrictions (the classic position) to restrictions for minors (parental consent) ... from support when a womans life is endangered or when the pregnancy is the result of rape to opposition just because a woman is poor or unmarried.Principle organizations include the Center for Reproductive Rights, The National Organization for Women (NOW), National Abortion Rights Action League (NARAL), Planned Parenthood, and the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice. Cons The pro-life movement is thought of as more black-and-white in its range of opinions than the pro-choice faction. Those who support life are more concerned with the embryo or fetus and believe that abortion is murder. Gallup polls starting in 1975 consistently show that only a minority of Americans (12-19 percent) believe that all abortions should be banned.Nevertheless, pro-life groups have taken a strategic approach to their mission, lobbying for mandated waiting periods, prohibitions on public funding and denial of public facilities.In addition, some sociologists suggest that abortion has become a symbol of the changing status of women in society and of changing sexual mores. In this context, pro-life supporters may reflect a backlash against the womens movement.Principle organizations include the Catholic Church, Concerned Women for America, Focus on the Family, and National Right to Life Committee. Where It Stands President George W. Bush supported and signed the constitutionally questionable partial-birth abortion ban and, as Governor of Texas, vowed to put an end to abortion. Immediately after taking office, Bush eliminated U.S. funding to any international family planning organization that provided abortion counseling or services even if they did so with private funds.There was no easily-accessed issue statement about abortion on the 2004 candidate web site. However, in an editorial entitled The War Against Women the New York Times wrote: The lengthening string of anti-choice executive orders, regulations, legal briefs, legislative maneuvers, and key appointments emanating from his administration suggests that undermining the reproductive freedom essential to womens health, privacy and equality is a major preoccupation of his administration - second only, perhaps, to the war on terrorism.

Explaining the civil trial process Research Paper

Explaining the civil trial process - Research Paper Example Notably, the above processes or procedures start after a plaintiff has filed a complaint against defendant with the appropriate court. Appropriateness of court is determined by various factors that include the origin of the plaintiff and defendant, the basis of the complaint, and the damages sought by the plaintiff (Pozgar & Santucci, 2011). For instance, if the plaintiff and defendant come from the same state, then the complaint can be filed within the state’s law courts. In the event that either of the parties is from a different state then a federal court would be appropriate in filing the complaint. In addition, if the complaint is where Amber Andetti (the plaintiff) is seeking to be compensated for damages that are below $3,000, then the most appropriate court is the Small Claims Court, otherwise other forms of courts could be appropriate if the amount is higher (Pozgar, 2007). The first process in a civil case after the complaint is filed is jury selection. Jury selection is the choosing of people who will serve at the trial jury. Even though every individual has the right for a trial jury, the concept is optional for civil cases but mandatory for criminal cases. Once the selection of jury is done the next process within the civil case will be delivery of opening statements (Pozgar, 2007). Opening statements are brief statements that the attorney makes to jury outlining facts as they see them and how they are going to proceed with the case. It should be noted that opening statements made by attorneys are not evidences since attorneys are not witnesses. The second step after opening statements is the presentation of evidence. Presentation of evidence involves witnesses of the plaintiff followed by the witnesses of the defendant. After the presentation of evidence by the witnesses of the defendant, any rebuttal

Management seminar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Management seminar - Essay Example The author says, "Some companies are making significant progress in stripping away stumbling blocks to gender diversity," (Issue 9, Women in Corporate Levels pg. 133). Among the diversity strategies, there is effective communication in the business case effectively within the whole organization beginning with the top administration. In this case, managers have the responsibility of availing broadcasts to their employees. This means that employees of both genders will be able to follow up on their proceedings and programs thereby enhancing diversity at the workplace. In the process of cultivating female leaders, the organizations should have the core objective of helping women to realize success. Using Safeway as an example, it realized that 70% of their customers were women. On realizing this, they had to broaden the diversity of their personnel so as to bring reflection of their client base. Male leaders have always been on the Frontline of every job opportunities, including grocery. The company realized that it could help women reach their success by employing them in these departments. In the process of developing future leaders, through the Retail Leadership Development (RLD) programs, women should be given chances. When this initiative came in, it particularly targeted women so as to increase the number of women who attend training. In this program, there were efforts to encourage women to advance towards managerial positions. It also ensured all the employees had equal opportunities for coaching, development, and advancing. There was also the establishment of womens development networks. This was primarily established for those women who were interested in advancing into management. This development network provides learning and networking opportunities for women across different sectors. They can share ideas, views as well as ideologies, getting

Tv Gives Children Unrealistic Expectations Essay Example for Free

Tv Gives Children Unrealistic Expectations Essay A few months after my friend Angela, who lives in Santo Domingo, acquired access to premium channels such as HBO, Cinemax, etc. her eight years old daughter asked her one night: Mom, are there poor people in the United States? This could have been a Joke if it were not so revealing. My friend realized that the luxurious scenes shown on television were not only giving her daughter a false idea about life in the United States, but they could also be creating unrealistic expectations in the girls mind concerning life in general. The same situation is faced by children and eenagers all over the United Sates. To a childs eyes, television represents a parallel reality with its own rules and laws, a reality in which everything is not only possible and easy, but is obviously more appealing to his/her mind than the sometimes bleak or deprived household in which he or she lives. The problem is real and is not going away. On the contrary, it is only strengthened by the leading role played by television in the upbringing of children, as parents are forced to work long hours and depend more and more on the electronic nanny for the childrens entertainment. Unfortunately, the damage done to the children is serious and has unpredictable consequences in the long run. On the one hand, we have a powerful industry that feeds on audiences regardless of their age, sex or personal characteristics; an industry that harness the imagination of the viewers and, as such, has limitless resources and only one goal: production. On the other hand, we have a defenseless child who spends long hours in front of a TV set, sometimes in the privacy of his own room. Children do not have the ability to analyze or screen the information presented to them. All the images and messages rapped up in the movies, programs or commercials go straight through to the subconscious mind of a child and become the storeroom from which he will draw tomorrow in response to the demands of his environment. Studies performed at MIT have demonstrated that the brain is more active during our sleep than during the times we watch TV. It is precisely that passivity which entraps the child and renders him helpless. Watching TV is not a creative activity. The child does not have to do anything only sit there and absorb the images and the sounds, Just like a plant absorbs the sun. This characteristic makes TV and ideal way o escape reality and go into a world of our own making where everything is possible. Additionally, children can find that TV is a less demanding and more peaceful place to be than their homes, with parents quarreling all the time, when they are present It is in this way that superheroes, gangsters or the latest rock star form a solid bond with our children and it is here they learn to mimic them. We have all learned of cases where children have Jumped from high buildings, expecting to fly or have killed their little sibling Just as seen on their favorite movie. But these are only the most

Essay --

The World Health Organization defines being healthy as â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.† Unfortunately for races that are at disadvantages that definition has very little weight behind it. This issue or racism is not only apparent in health status, it is also obvious in health care and in current health care research for the treatment and cure of diseases. Therefore, current African Americans are not [FINISH THESIS] One main factor in the fight for equality in healthcare is access to health insurance. In 2012 more that 44 million non-elderly citizens did not have medical insurance and did not have the finical ability to access healthcare. Racial minorities accounted for a large disproportionate amount of that uninsured number. Over 18% of people of color under the age of 65 years old are currently without health insurance. In the United States, health insurance access is often tied to their employer. Due to many forms of discrimination, racial minorities have found themselves placed in low wage jobs. Th... Essay -- The World Health Organization defines being healthy as â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.† Unfortunately for races that are at disadvantages that definition has very little weight behind it. This issue or racism is not only apparent in health status, it is also obvious in health care and in current health care research for the treatment and cure of diseases. Therefore, current African Americans are not [FINISH THESIS] One main factor in the fight for equality in healthcare is access to health insurance. In 2012 more that 44 million non-elderly citizens did not have medical insurance and did not have the finical ability to access healthcare. Racial minorities accounted for a large disproportionate amount of that uninsured number. Over 18% of people of color under the age of 65 years old are currently without health insurance. In the United States, health insurance access is often tied to their employer. Due to many forms of discrimination, racial minorities have found themselves placed in low wage jobs. Th...

Hospital Administration

Quality Improvement Programme (Toward Excellence Health center for the Community) Excellence Health center for the Community) CoH CoH Quality Improvement Programme CoH Quality is very Sweet for speak, but difficult to implement. â€Å"Quality at Grassroots levels: Patient Perspectives † because because Quality is Never Improved without accepting facts without accepting facts. Dr. J. L. Meena State Quality Assurance Officer Commissionerate of Health & FW Government of Gujarat Email:- [email  protected] com Web:- www. gujhealth. gov. in/quality-assurance-program. htm www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. MeenaHealth & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Old Scenario of Health Centers. 1 CoH www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Old Scenario of Health Centers. 3 CoH Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 5 2 CoH †¢ Poor sanitation and cleanliness. †¢ Very poor Drainage facility. †¢ Poor housekeeping service. â € ¢ Very poor Biomedical waste & infection control practice. †¢ No cattle guard. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Old Scenario of Health Centers. †¢ Non sterile suction tube & oxygen mask? †¢ Empty Oxygen Cylinders. Instrument with rust & Non sterile. www. gujhealth. gov. in Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Old Scenario of Health Centers. Building maintenance was extremely unsatisfactory – Leaking roof, eroded floors, over flowing toilets, broken doors, No patient safety (Open transformer with Parking facilities. Invite for disaster ? ), No safe drinking water facilities. no employee safety, poor lighting and no ventilation sign. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena 4 CoH †¢ Un-used instrument & equipments †¢ No proper used of instruments Crush Card trolley contained:- Comb, Toothpaste, Oil, Glass etc for save the pt. th www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 6 Old Scenario of Health Centers. CoH CoH †¢ Very poorly managed end of life †¢ No respect to Human body †¢ Very worst condition of Post Martum Room. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 7 CoH ?Why should we care? should we care? ?Is improvement possible? ?What seems to make seems to make a difference? ?Why aren’t we doing a better job? www. gujhealth. gov. in GOAL Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat National Human Right Commission (NHRC Report 1999 NHRC ) Report – 1999 CoH D Grade for Mental Hospital Ahmedabad www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat HOW TO ACHIEVE EXCELLENCE IN HEALTH TQM-NABH†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 †¢ To develop a healthcare system based on total quality management principles (NABH / NABL) and application of information technology to achieve efficiency in operations, faster & standard communication across the state. †¢ To enhance the quality of healthcare services by providing specialized treatment and preventive healthcare at free / affordable cost. MISSION VISION †¢ To develop a pool of healthcare professionals in he public health sector trained in the implementation of health care quality standards and information technology to bring productivity and effectiveness in health care delivery system. †¢ â€Å"To be the network of finest Public Healthcare Institutions which providing quality medical care services, preventive, promotive, curative & rehabilitative health care services with the state of art technology, easy accessibility, affordability and equity to the people of Gujarat and beyond. 12 8 ?Health centers is committed to provide quality healthcare services. ?To provide the treatment as per the national and international standards. To provide treatment with the latest technology. ?To conduct trainings and workshops on regular intervals for skill development of the staffs. ?To improve the quality on continuous basis. ?To improve the quality of treatment as per the patient satisfaction survey. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Quality Objectives CoH CoH Quality Policy Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 13 ? Implementation of safety and quality practices. ? Incorporation of management tools. ? Building sustainability ? Benchmarking the indicators ? Continuous Quality Improvement ? To provide 24X7 quality services to the community. To organize and implement all the national programs. ? To provide right treatment through latest technology. ? To ensure safety of patient & employee. ? To manage Human Resources for enhancing productivity. www. gujhealth. gov. in PRACTICES IMPLEMENTED CoH ? Formation of the committees & give role and responsibility. ? Gap analysis in a standards formats and fulfilled these gaps. ? Patient and employee satisfaction survey ? Clinical protocol & Standard Operation Procedure (SOPs). ? Monitoring of the qu ality indicators. ? Implementation of Patient Rights & Responsibilities ? Facility Management Practices www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr.J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat A Case Study JOURNEY TOWARDS QUALITY JOURNEY TOWARDS QUALITY 15 1 2 †¢ Internal assessment by Quality Assurance Team. †¢ Gap analysis and submission of report and Planning for full filling the gaps. 3 †¢ Develop the action programme for filled these gaps. †¢ Proposed to TSP, NREGA, NRHM, State budget and Vanbandhu for financial requirements to full fill the gaps. 4 role & www. gujhealth. gov. in Cont†¦. Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat A Case Study JOURNEY TOWARDS QUALITY JOURNEY TOWARDS QUALITY 7 8 17 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 14 ? Disaster Preparedness Plan ? Basic Infection Control Practices ? Management of Medication of Medication Code alerts ? Incidence Reporting System RED for FIRE, YELLOW for EXTERNAL ? Hospital Safety Programme CALAMITIES, BLUE for CARDIAC ARREST, ? Patient Information BLACK for BOMB THREAT, ? Inventory Management PINK for CHILD ABDUCTION ? Quality Control & Safety in diagnostics Control Safety in diagnostics 5 †¢ Regular training of core team on standards and objective elements. †¢ Formation of QA Manual, Policy, Procedure, Forms & Formats and implement. Dr. J. L. MeenaPRACTICES IMPLEMENTED CoH CoH †¢ Orientation to Quality & NABH Standards to staffs. †¢ Formation of Committees and clarified their responsibility. CoH 16 CoH †¢ Fulfilled the Human resource, Infrastructure, equipment, instrument related gaps and Statuary requirements. †¢ AMC, Calibration & insurance of the instruments. †¢ Internal Quality Control, External Quality Control. †¢ Regular Internal audit. †¢ Plan, Do, Check & Act (PDCA Cycle for improvement) †¢ Application for Pre Assessment. †¢ Pre Assessment done by NABH Assessors from Quality Council of India. †¢ Fulfilled the Pre assessment gaps and application for final Assessment. Final Assessment done by NABH Assessors from Quality Council of India. †¢ Fulfilled the Final assessment gaps and accredited by NABH board, Quality Council of India. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 18 CoH CoH Journey of Quality Improvement (Cont)†¦ 5 Years Back CoH Today Lack of standards of standards NABH Standards for Health Centers Standards for Health Centers No Gap analysis report in standard format. Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Journey of Quality Improvement (Cont)†¦ 5 Years Back 19 CoH Hygienic, Clean & Green Hospital environment with infection control audit.Recruitment of staff as per workload through RKS and take specialist service outsource. Lack of trained health care staff for emergency (resuscitation) services, patient care service & Healthcare management. No concept of internal audits (medical audit, clinical audit & death audit etc). Dr. J. L. Meena Written policies & procedures available. Poor sanitation, cleanliness & infection control practices. Staff shortage so very poor specialist service. www. gujhealth. gov. in Statutory requirements fulfilled Absence of written policies & procedures. Outcomes†¦.. Gaps identified and addressed. Lack of Statutory requirements (e. . Licenses, Acts, Rules & Certificates). Staff trained in Basic Life Support, Advanced Cardiac Lif Ad Life Support, PG QM & AHO, NABH / NABL Assessors & Kaizen. Staff trained as internal auditors, audits conducted to find out non conformances, corrective & preventive measures taken to rectify it Dr. J. L. Meena www. gujhealth. gov. in Journey of Quality Improvement (Cont)†¦ Today 5 Years Back All required practices in place No Blood storage, CSSD, no separate OT for Eye & Gynec. , Patients attendant launch facilities. Gynec Patients attendant launch facilities Blood s torage, CSSD, separate OT for Eye & Gynec,Patients attendant launch facilities are available Patients attendant launch facilities are available. Damaged and poor condition of building & Staff Quarters. Repairing & renovation done gynecology No Calibration system of Instruments for Quality check. Calibration system of Instruments for Quality check are available. CoH Shortage of equipments and proper ambulances (transport vehicle) . Sufficient equipments and ambulances with regular monitoring by a responsible person. Lack of accountability & planning. Policy and processes for care of the patients in place Non Implementation of Different Codes in the facilities. Poor signage system.Well developed signage and displays for patient information. Absence of Patient & Employees’ satisfaction. Established. No measurable parameter for patient safety. Measurable parameters for patient safety are available. No realization of problems and weaknesses. A clear understanding of what is lackin g and what needs to be done. No monitoring or reporting of adverse events, needle stick injury, Sentinel events etc. These are being reported and are monitored. Practically non-existent security arrangement Availability of well trained security guards Absence of quality standards. Quality standards e. g. medical audit, management f medication, care of patients etc practiced No participation in EQAS/ inter laboratory Participation in EQAS / inter laboratory comparison comparisons and achieving good scores in it. Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Journey of Quality Improvement (Cont)†¦ 21 5 Years Back BLACK for BOMB THREAT, PINK for CHILD ABDUCTION www. gujhealth. gov. in Today Poor publicity of available services in the villages and in the community. Name of the Facility 3rd Party evaluation & monitoring system by PRI members. All the service which are provide by the healthcare centre are display in the community and emergency ontact number also display. D r. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat A Success Story Quality Improvement Programme:- Gujarat Team work is available, role and responsibility of all staff is cleanly mention. No Evaluation and monitoring system by PRI members (3rd party evaluation). (3 RED for FIRE, YELLOW for EXTERNAL CALAMITIES, BLUE for CARDIAC ARREST, CoH No team work, only Individual approach rather then team . Unidentified role and responsibility of staffs. Total Facility Under NABH /NABL Total Facility Under NABH /NABL which catering Tribal population Total Accredited facilities CoH 23 11 2 Medical college Hospitals 2 0 0 Medical college, Blood banks 0 6 2 5 2 No display of the Right and responsibly of the patients and employees in the facilities. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena 4 2 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 Primary Health Centers (PHCs) 29 14 12 6 Community Health Centers (CHCs) Proper display of Right and responsibly of the patients and employees in the facilities. 2 2 Paraplegia Hospi tal, Ahmedabad Progress of the referred patient also monitoring by th the health centre on regular basis. ( Bi directional referral service). 6 Mental Hospitals Dental Hospitals No responsibility of referred patients . Medical college, LaboratoriesProper monitoring of Up time, down time & utilization of the instrument & equipment. 26 11 1 1 NABL Food & Drug Laboratories Total Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 23 22 Total Accredited facilities which catering tribal population District Hospitals No monitoring of Up time & down time of the instruments. 20 Today Inadequate infrastructure for handling biomedical waste and infection control safety practices www. gujhealth. gov. in Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat www. gujhealth. gov. in 2 1 103 45 Dr. J. L. Meena 2 1 28 13 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 24 India’s 1st & 2nd NABH Accredited PHC CoHCoH from Tribal Area from Tribal Area www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of G ujarat Benefits to Patients 25 CoH Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme High Quality of Care cont High Quality of Care cont†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 29 Time Morning: 9. 00 to 13. 00 Evening: 16. 00 to 18. 00 ,, ,, ,, 24 hours ,, ,, ,, ,, 9. 00 to 14. 00 Tuesday & Friday 9. 00 to 16. 00 Daily ( Except holidays) Morning: 9AM to 1 PM Evening: 4 to 6 PM Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of GujaratProvided baby kits to new born for prevent Infection & hypothermia www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH Day Certificates of age, fitness and sickness Lab services Homeopathic treatment treatment Indoor services Delivery Emergency services Vehicle for referral Medico legal services MAMTA Clinic ( Immunization, medical check-up, treatment IEC Family planning services for treatment, IEC & Family planning services for expectant mothers, children & adolescent) 11 NSV, Abdominal tubecto my , MTP & Hydrocele operation 12 All National Programme www. gujhealth. gov. in 26 Daily ( Except holidays) ,, ,, ,, Daily ,, ,, ,, ,, Monday OPD Services 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 27 CoH Availability of Services at PHC level 1 CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat www. gujhealth. gov. in Sr Name of service ?Availability of Health services with High quality of care. ?Dedicated and sincere medical staff ?Access to a quality focused organization ?Rights respected and protected ?Patient Satisfaction evaluated ?Involvement in care process ?Patient safety ?Pain management ?Safe transport ?Continuity of care www. gujhealth. gov. in India’s 1st NABH Accredited CHC Welcoming infrastructure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ infrastructure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Dr. J. L. Meena 28 CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 30 Quality Improvement ProgrammeHigh Quality of Care cont High Quality of Care cont†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement P rogramme High Quality of Care cont High Quality of Care cont†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH CoH CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme Management of Medicine Management of Medicine†¦ 31 33 CoH Quality Improvement Programme High Quality of Care cont High Quality of Care cont†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 35 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement ProgrammeQualitative Laboratory services Qualitative Laboratory services†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Safety of patients & employees†¦ of patients employees www. gujhealth. gov. in 32 CoH Change the Scenario†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Before www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH 34 CoH After Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 36 Change the Scenario†¦. Biomedical waste practice†¦ waste practice Before www. gujhealth. gov. in After Dr. J. L. Meena H ealth & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Recreational & skill development www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH CoH Dr. J. L. Meena CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of GujaratOccupational Therapy Unit 37 39 CoH Change the Scenario†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Safe drinking water†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ drinking water After Before www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Recreational & skill development www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena CoH CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme Quality food services to patients attendants Quality food services to patients & attendants†¦ 38 40 CoH CHC Bardoli, which catering Tribal Population www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 41 www. gujhealth. gov. in Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 2 India’s 1st NABH Accredited Mental Hospital Vadodara Hospital Vadodara CoH CoH NO. OF DELIVERY AT PHC CoH 44077 45000 41146 585 36867 40000 35000 600 3372 9 31359 582 586 513 500 30000 400 25000 20000 282 300 15000 200 10000 5000 86 1777 1719 1530 1414 1386 100 0 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 No. of OPD per Year 2011-12 Dr. J. L. Meena www. gujhealth. gov. in 0 2012-13 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 IPD Number per Year Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 43 PHC:- Salun, Dist:- Kheda www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH Adverse Donor Reaction CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 44 CoH Issue of Components CoH 9 59,481 50 45 40 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 60,000 39 54,067 50,000 42,033 32 40,000 25 20 30,000 23,849 20,000 13,820 10,000 0 2008-09 www. gujhealth. gov. in 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Blood Bank:- Civil Hospital Ahmedabad 2012-13 2008-09 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Specimen Analysis 100000 45 CoH CoH 98 2012-13 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 46 100 105 85 70 80 60000 2011-12 Critical value reporting CoH CoH 100 69010 59897 2010-11 Blood Bank:- Civil Hospital Ahmedabad 120 88660 78105 80000 www. gujhealth. gov. in 2009-10 60 40000 30522 40 20000 20 0 0 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2009 2010 011 2012 www. gujhealth. gov. in Biochemistry Lab:- Sir T Bhavnagar Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 47 www. gujhealth. gov. in Biochemistry Lab:- Sir T Bhavnagar Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 48 Benefits to Staff Surgical Site Infection (SSI) CoH CoH ?Professional staff development ?Provides education on laid down standards ?Provides leadership for quality improvement within medicine and nursing ?Increases satisfaction with continuous learning, good working environment, leadership and ownership 0. 59 0. 6 0. 5 0. 35 0. 4 0. 27 0. 3 0. 16 0. 0. 1 0 2009-10 www. gujhealth. gov. in 2010-11 2010 2011-12 2011 Dist Hospital:- Gandhinagar 2012-13 2012 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Professional staff development Managerial / Administrative training to MO / Head. www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Professional staff development Special clinical skill training on minor surgical procedure, obstetrics care, new born care, basic life support and local anesthesia block. www. gujhealth. gov. in 49 Programme implementation training to MO / Head. Dr. J. L. Meena Dr. J. L. Meena CoH CoH 51 CoH www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. MeenaHealth & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Professional staff development Induction training to staff at all levels. ll www. gujhealth. gov. in 50 CoH Job based skills training. based skills training. Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Management & Internal Audit Training Audit Training 52 CoH Disaster Management Disaster Management Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 53 www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 54 NABH ACCREDITATION AWARD FUNCTION BY GOVT. OF GUJARAT & QCI, NEW DELHI www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena CoH CoH Health & Fami ly Welfare, Govt of GujaratAward for India 1st NABH Accredited Mental Hospital :- Hospital for Mental health – Vadodara, Govt of Gujarat given by Shri Jaynarayan Vyas, Hon’ble Health Minister, Government of Gujarat 55 Award for NABH Accredited PHC :- Primary Health Center – Kandolpada, Navsari-Gujarat, Govt of Gujarat given by Shri Jaynarayan Vyas, Hon’ble Health Minister, Government of Gujarat Benefits to Hospital CoH ?Improves care care ?Brings in Corporate Governance ?Stimulates continuous improvement ?Demonstrates commitment to quality care commitment to quality care ?Raises community confidence ?Opportunity to benchmark with the bestAward for NABH Accredited PHC :- Primary Health Center – Tankal, Navsari-Gujarat, Govt of Gujarat given by Shri Jaynarayan Vyas, Hon’ble Health Minister, Government of Gujarat www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 60 Main entrance should be easily identifiable, welc oming, well lit and with mattress. CoH CoH PHC Mahuwas, Tribal area PHC www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 61 Quality Improvement Programme Welcoming infrastructure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ infrastructure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHC Bardoli, which catering Tribal Population www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. MeenaHealth & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme District Hospital Godhara (Tribal area) Hospital Godhara (Tribal area) CHC Bardoli, which catering Tribal Population CoH HMH Ahmedabad presents an excellent example of effective functioning of Boards of Visitors and active involvement of NGO sector in patients Care, Capacity building & rehabilitation , and has the potential to become a good center of education and research in Mental Health Field Field. www. gujhealth. gov. in A – Grade Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 62 CoH DH Godhara, which catering Tribal Population www. gujhealth. gov. inRemarks of representativ e of National Human Right Commission (NHRC) now†¦ CoH 65 Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Benefits to Community 64 CoH ?Quality revolution ?Disaster preparedness preparedness – Epidemics – Physical ?Access to comparative database www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 66 All the Services provided by PHC Gadboriad are displayed in all the villages & roadside www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena CoH CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Mock drill and training for disaster management management 67 CoH Mock drill and training for disaster anagement management www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme Involvement in National Programme Involvement in National Programme†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena 68 CoH PHC PHC Tankal, Kandolpada & Mahuwas, Navsari 69 CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Health & Fam ily Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Mock drill and training for disaster management management PHC Tankal, Kandolpada & Mahuwas, Navsari www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena CoH 71 www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement ProgrammeInvolvement in National Programme Involvement in National Programme†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in 70 CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 72 Quality Improvement Programme Malnutrition awareness Malnutrition awareness†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat PRI Monitoring & Evaluation of CHC 73 CoH Quality Improvement Programme AIDS awareness programme AIDS awareness programme†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat National & International Team Visit Niziriya Team Visit CoH 74 CoH Visit by Rajasthan Govt. MLAs with Speaker WHO Team Visit www. gujhealth. gov. in

To investigate the effect to the potato cells in the different solute concentration water Essay

Water can move through the different cells due to the difference of water potentials in the cells. If there is a higher solute concentration in the cell than outside the cell, the water will move into the cell. However, if the concentration of inside the cell is lower than the outside, water will not move into the cell. This process is called osmosis. Research question; This investigation will determine how different concentrated sugar water will affect to the mass change of the potato cells using the concept of osmosis. Hypothesis; I predict that the potato slice in beaker C will gain the most increased mass than beaker B and C. The reason is that since beaker C has a highest concentration among the test beakers, it will affect the most to the potato cells. The movement of water will move actively in beaker C. Variables; Independent Variable In this experiment the independent variable will be the sucrose concentration of water. This is controlled by using a specific amount of sugar that we pour into the distilled water. We will do the activity in the solutions with concentration of 0, 0.25, 0.50%. Dependent Variable The dependent variable will be the size of potato slices that goes into the solutions. This depends on the various environmental factors during making a slice of potato such as the thickness of core or the peel of potato. Thus it could differ during the experiment. Controlled Variable Anything that can change the result of this experiment will be the controlled variables. Therefore, we need to control variables that can be controlled to get the most accurate and reliable data in this experiment. Also the purpose of an experiment is to find out the cause of the lab and how it affects. Without these variables, it would b e difficult to determine which cause made the effect out of the lab. Water Level; Clearly if we have higher level of water in the beaker to make concentrated sugar water, the concentration will be lower than the less level of water. To get the consistent data, we need to control the level of water in the same level possible. Size of Cores; We will use the slices of potato in this lab, and if we have different sizes of potato slices due to the different sizes of cores that we have used to make a slices, the result will be vary as the size gets bigger or smaller. Therefore, during the lab, we need to use the same type and size of the cores. Type of Potatoes; If there are different types of potatoes, the osmosis that happens to the potato from the sugar water will not be the same. This needs to be controlled by using a same type of potato to get the most accurate data possible. Time of submersion; If one potato slice has stayed in the solution longer than the other sets, the data is not reliable because it is not experimented in equal amount of time. In order to get the reliable data, we need to measure the time equally and record it to the data paper. Size of the petri dish; We need to use the same size of the petri dishes to collect the reliable and accurate data. Different size of the petri dishes will boost or slow down the osmosis in the potato cells. Humidity; Humidity near the experiment place will also affect to the experiment. If the pace is hot and dry, the solution may evaporate soon due to the particles inside the solution absorbs the heat. Also when it is cold, the osmosis may not work normally. Due to these facts, we need to control the size of the petri dishes to get the best data possible. Temperature of the solutions; If the solution A’s temperature is higher than the solution B and C, it will affect to the speed and rate of the osmosis. In order to get the reliable and best data, we need to control the temperature of the solutions in to equal celsius possible. Apparatus; 3 different concentrated solutions (0, 25, 50 mol/dm^3) Beakers Pipettes Potato cores Balance Measuring cylinder Petri dishes Black pen Ruler Potato slices Procedure; 1. Using black pen to label the 3 different concentrated solutions and label them A, B and C. (Each solutions contain 100ml) 2. Record the physical properties of the potato slices. Place the slices of potatoes into the each petri dishes and label them a, b and c. 3. Pour the solutions in to each petri dishes about 36ml. (A to a, B to b, C to c) 4. Wait for 2 days.

Mary of Burgundy, Duchess of Burgundy

Mary of Burgundy, Duchess of Burgundy ​Known for:  signing the Great Privilege and, by her marriage, bringing her dominions under Habsburg control Dates:  February 13, 1457 - March 27, 1482 About Mary of Burgundy The only child of Charles the Bold of Burgundy and Isabella of Bourbon, Mary of Burgundy became ruler of his lands after her fathers death in 1477. Louis XI of France attempted to force her to marry the Dauphin Charles, thus bringing under French control her lands, including the Netherlands, Franche-Comte, Artois, and Picardy (the Low Countries). Mary, however, did not want to marry Charles, who was 13 years younger than she was. In order to win support for her refusal among her own people, she signed the Great Privilege which returned significant control and rights to localities in the Netherlands. This agreement required the approval of the States to raise taxes, declare war or make peace. She signed this agreement on February 10, 1477. Mary of Burgundy had many other suitors, including Duke Clarence of England. Mary chose Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, of the Habsburg  family, who later became emperor Maximilian I. They married on August 18, 1477. As a result, her lands became part of the Habsburg empire. Mary and Maximilian had three children. Mary of Burgundy died in a fall from a horse on March 27, 1482. Their son Philip, later called Philip the Handsome, was held as virtually a prisoner until Maximilian freed him in 1492. Artois and Franche-Comte became his to rule; Burgundy and Picardy returned to French control. Philip, called Philip the Handsome, married Joanna, sometimes called Juana the Mad, heiress to Castile and Aragon, and thus Spain also joined the Habsburg empire. The daughter of Mary of Burgundy and Maximilian was Margaret of Austria, who served as governor of the Netherlands after her mothers death and before her nephew (the future Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor) was old enough to rule. A painter is known as the  Master of Mary of Burgundy  for an illuminated Book of Hours he created for Mary of Burgundy. Mary of Burgundy Facts Title:  Duchess of Burgundy Father:  Charles the Bold of Burgundy, son of Philip the Good of Burgundy and Isabella of Portugal. Mother:  Isabella of Bourbon (Isabelle de Bourbon), daughter of Charles I, Duke of Bourbon, and Agnes of Burgundy. Family Connections:  Marys father and mother were first cousins: Agnes of Burgundy, her maternal grandmother, and Philip the Good, her paternal grandfather, were both children of Margaret of Bavaria and her husband John the Fearless of Burgundy. Marys great-grandfather John the Fearless of Bavaria was a grandson of John II of France and Bonne of Bohemia; so was another great-grandmother, her mothers paternal grandmother Marie of Auvergne. Also known as:  Mary, Duchess of Burgundy; Marie Places: Netherlands, Habsburg Empire, Hapsburg Empire, Low Countries, Austria.

F-105 Thunderchief in the Vietnam War

F-105 Thunderchief in the Vietnam War Design of the F-105 Thunderchief began in the early 1950s as an internal project at Republic Aviation. Intended to be a replacement for the F-84F Thunderstreak, the F-105 was created as a supersonic, low-altitude penetrator capable of delivering a nuclear weapon to a target deep within the Soviet Union. Led by Alexander Kartveli, the design team produced an aircraft centered on a large engine and able to achieve high speeds. As the F-105 was meant to be a penetrator, maneuverability was sacrificed for speed and low-altitude performance. F-105D Specifications General Length: 64 ft. 4.75 in.Wingspan: 34 ft. 11.25 in.Height: 19 ft. 8 in.Wing Area: 385 sq. ft.Empty Weight: 27,500 lbs.Loaded Weight: 35,637 lbs.Crew: 1-2 Performance Power Plant: 1 Ãâ€" Pratt Whitney J75-P-19W afterburning turbojet, 26,500 lbf with afterburning water injectionCombat Radius: 780 milesMax Speed: Mach 2.08 (1,372 mph)Ceiling: 48,500 ft. Armament Guns: 1 Ãâ€" 20 mm M61 Vulcan cannon, 1,028 roundsBombs/Rockets: Up to 14,000 lbs. of ordnance including nuclear weapons, AIM-9 Sidewinder, and AGM-12 Bullpup missiles. Weapons carried in the bomb bay and on five external hardpoints. Design and Development Intrigued by Republics design, the US Air Force placed an initial order for 199 F-105s in September 1952, but with the Korean War winding down reduced it to 37 fighter-bombers and nine tactical reconnaissance aircraft six months later. As development progressed, it was found that the design had grown too large to be powered by the Allison J71 turbojet intended for the aircraft. As a result, they elected to utilize the Pratt Whitney J75. While the preferred power plant for the new design, the J75 was not immediately available and as a result on October 22, 1955, the first YF-105A prototype flew powered by a Pratt Whitney J57-P-25 engine. Though equipped with the less powerful J57, the YF-105A achieved a top speed of Mach 1.2 on its first flight. Further test flights with the YF-105A soon revealed that the aircraft was underpowered and suffered from problems with transonic drag. To counter these issues, Republic was finally able to obtain the more powerful Pratt Whitney J75 and altered the arrangement of the air intakes which were located at the wing roots. Additionally, it worked to redesign the aircraft fuselage which initially employed a slab-sided look. Drawing on experiences from other aircraft producers, Republic employed the Whitcomb area rule by smoothing the fuselage and slightly pinching it in the center.     Ã‚   Refining the Aircraft The redesigned aircraft, dubbed the F-105B, proved able to achieve speeds of Mach 2.15. Also included were improvements to its electronics including the MA-8 fire control system, a K19 gun sight, and an AN/APG-31 ranging radar. These enhancements were required to allow the aircraft to conduct its intended nuclear strike mission. With the alterations complete, the YF-105B first took to the sky on May 26, 1956. The following month a trainer variant (F-105C) of the aircraft was created while the reconnaissance version (RF-105) was canceled in July. The largest single-engine fighter built for the US Air Force, the production model of F-105B possessed an internal bomb bay and five external weapons pylons. To continue a company tradition of employing Thunder in its aircraft names, which dated back to World War IIs P-47 Thunderbolt, Republic requested that the new aircraft be designated Thunderchief. Early Alterations On May 27, 1958, the F-105B entered service with the 335th Tactical Fighter Squadron. As with many new aircraft, the Thunderchief was initially plagued by problems with its avionics systems. After these were dealt with as part of Project Optimize, the F-105B became a reliable aircraft. In 1960, the F-105D was introduced and the B model transitioned to the Air National Guard. This was completed by 1964. The last production variant of the Thunderchief, the F-105D included an R-14A radar, an AN/APN-131 navigation system, and an AN/ASG-19 Thunderstick fire-control system which gave the aircraft all-weather capability and the ability to deliver the B43 nuclear bomb. Efforts were also made to restart the RF-105 reconnaissance program based on the F-105D design. The US Air Force planned to purchase 1,500 F-105Ds, however, this order was reduced to 833 by Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara. Issues Deployed to Cold War bases in Western Europe and Japan, F-105D squadrons trained for their intended deep penetration role. As with its predecessor, the F-105D suffered from early technological issues. These issues may have helped earn the aircraft the nickname Thud from the sound the F-105D made when it hit the ground though the true origins of the term are unclear. As a result of these problems, the entire F-105D fleet was grounded in December 1961, and again in June 1962, while the issues were dealt with at the factory. In 1964, the issues in existing F-105Ds were resolved as part of Project Look Alike though some engine and fuel system problems persisted for another three years. Vietnam War Through the early- and mid-1960s, the Thunderchief began to be developed as a conventional strike bomber rather than a nuclear delivery system. This was further emphasized during the Look Alike upgrades which saw the F-105D receive additional ordnance hard points. It was in this role that it was sent to Southeast Asia during the escalation of the Vietnam War. With its high-speed and superior low-altitude performance, the F-105D was ideal for hitting targets in North Vietnam and far superior to the F-100 Super Sabre then in use. First deployed to bases in Thailand, F-105Ds began flying strike missions as early as late 1964. With the commencement of Operation Rolling Thunder in March 1965, F-105D squadrons began bearing the brunt of the air war over North Vietnam. A typical F-105D mission to North Vietnam included mid-air refueling and a high-speed, low altitude entry and exit from the target area. Though an extremely durable aircraft, F-105D pilots usually only had a 75 percent chance of completing a 100-mission tour due to the danger involved in their missions. By 1969, the US Air Force began withdrawing the F-105D from strike missions replacing it with F-4 Phantom IIs. While the Thunderchief ceased to fulfill a strike role in Southeast Asia, it continued to serve as a wild weasel. Developed in 1965, the first F-105F Wild Weasel variant flew in January 1966. Possessing a second seat for an electronic warfare officer, the F-105F was intended for a suppression of enemy air defenses (SEAD) mission. Nicknamed Wild Weasels, these aircraft served to identify and destroy North Vietnamese surface-to-air missile sites. A dangerous mission, the F-105 proved highly capable as its heavy payload and expanded SEAD electronics allowed the aircraft to deliver devastating blows to enemy targets. In late 1967, an enhanced wild weasel variant, the F-105G entered service. Due to the nature of the wild weasel role, F-105Fs and F-105Gs were typically the first to arrive over a target and the last to leave. While the F-105D had been completely removed from strike duties by 1970, the wild weasel aircraft flew until the wars end. In the course of the conflict 382 F-105s were lost to all causes, representing 46 percent of the US Air Forces Thunderchief fleet. Due to these losses, the F-105 was ruled to no longer be combat effective as a frontline aircraft. Sent to the reserves, the Thunderchief remained in service until officially being retired on February 25, 1984.

Health Assessments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Health Assessments - Essay Example education system that not only makes the children learn new things, but also stay healthy while parents may have missed some of these issues in health (Weber 37). These tools are some of them dumped away since they are not allowed to get  reused. This is seen in pregnancy tests that can be used in various schools to identify the ailments and relations of symptoms to particular situations in a female. This kind of tool among others get  dumped, however tools such as the immunization calendar is replaced after time. The thermometer, on the other hand, cannot be disposed of since it is set in a place that doesn’t make it a health hazard to other users. Tools used are useful in making sure there is no problem with the students thus not hindering their studies. While the teachers primary goal is to  improving the intelligence of children in school, they should also look at the other factors that cause poor education understanding. These factors make it a reason for the teachers to use these tools for proper health in the students they teach. These tools should also be used daily to ensure that the students do not get issues in their studies since disease is an unexpected issue that can happen any day and time (Weber 56). The reason for assessment is important according to US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health because it makes disease stemming easier as for cases such as cancer and other dangerous diseases that make it almost impossible to stop when time is